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The Windlass Test and Its Role in Diagnosing Foot Pain

Tuesday, 24 February 2026

The windlass test is a simple clinical method used to examine how the plantar fascia behaves when the big toe is raised and the arch is placed under tension. During this movement, a podiatrist gently lifts the big toe while keeping the foot steady, allowing them to see whether the plantar fascia tightens normally or triggers discomfort. This test is most often associated with plantar fasciitis because people with this condition frequently feel heel or arch pain when the toe is elevated. It can also provide helpful information about flat feet, arch fatigue, or other mechanical issues that affect daily movement. The windlass test is usually performed when someone reports morning foot pain, stiffness, or tenderness along the bottom of the foot. If these symptoms persist or interfere with routine activity, it is suggested that you see a podiatrist for effective relief and treatment solutions.

If you have any concerns about your feet, contact Dr. Eugenio Rivera from Calo Foot & Ankle Specialists. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Biomechanics in Podiatry

Podiatric biomechanics is a particular sector of specialty podiatry with licensed practitioners who are trained to diagnose and treat conditions affecting the foot, ankle and lower leg. Biomechanics deals with the forces that act against the body, causing an interference with the biological structures. It focuses on the movement of the ankle, the foot and the forces that interact with them.

A History of Biomechanics

Biomechanics dates back to the BC era in Egypt where evidence of professional foot care has been recorded.
In 1974, biomechanics gained a higher profile from the studies of Merton Root, who claimed that by changing or controlling the forces between the ankle and the foot, corrections or conditions could be implemented to gain strength and coordination in the area.

Modern technological improvements are based on past theories and therapeutic processes that provide a better understanding of podiatric concepts for biomechanics. Computers can provide accurate information about the forces and patterns of the feet and lower legs.

Understanding biomechanics of the feet can help improve and eliminate pain, stopping further stress to the foot.

If you have any questions please feel free to contact our office located in Bellaire, TX . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot and ankle needs.

When a Toenail Starts Growing Into the Skin

Tuesday, 17 February 2026

An ingrown toenail develops when the edge of the nail begins to press into the surrounding skin instead of growing outward. The first sign is often a mild soreness that appears while walking or when the toe rubs against a shoe. As the corner of the nail digs deeper, the area may become puffy, warm, or tender to even light touch. Some people notice a feeling of fullness along the side of the nail, and the skin may harden or form a small pocket of irritated tissue. If bacteria enter the area, drainage or increased redness can follow. Early attention helps prevent deeper infection and reduces the chance of recurring problems. If you see swelling, redness, or continued tenderness along the nail edge, it is suggested that you schedule an appointment with a podiatrist for expert guidance and proper care.

Ingrown toenails may initially present themselves as a minor discomfort, but they may progress into an infection in the skin without proper treatment. For more information about ingrown toenails, contact Dr. Eugenio Rivera of Calo Foot & Ankle Specialists. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Ingrown Toenails

Ingrown toenails are caused when the corner or side of a toenail grows into the soft flesh surrounding it. They often result in redness, swelling, pain, and in some cases, infection. This condition typically affects the big toe and may recur if it is not treated properly.

Causes

Improper toenail trimming
Genetics
Improper shoe fitting
Injury from pedicures or nail picking
Abnormal gait
Poor hygiene

You are more likely to develop an ingrown toenail if you are obese, have diabetes, arthritis, or have any fungal infection in your nails. Additionally, people who have foot or toe deformities are at a higher risk of developing an ingrown toenail.

Symptoms

Some symptoms of ingrown toenails are redness, swelling, and pain. In rare cases, there may be a yellowish drainage coming from the nail.

Treatment

Ignoring an ingrown toenail can have serious complications. Infections of the nail border can progress to a deeper soft-tissue infection, which can then turn into a bone infection. You should always speak with your podiatrist if you suspect you have an ingrown toenail, especially if you have diabetes or poor circulation.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Bellaire, TX . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Foot Conditions During Pregnancy

Tuesday, 10 February 2026

Pregnancy can bring significant changes to the feet due to weight gain, hormonal shifts, and fluid retention. Common issues include flat feet, which may develop or worsen as ligaments relax, and swelling or edema, causing discomfort and reduced mobility. Pregnant individuals may also experience ingrown toenails, hot or burning sensations, and bunions, all of which can affect daily activities. Hormonal changes and increased pressure on the feet contribute to these conditions, making early intervention important. A podiatrist can evaluate foot structure, provide safe treatments and recommend supportive footwear, in addition to suggesting exercises to reduce discomfort, and offer strategies to prevent worsening conditions. If you have foot pain during your pregnancy, please schedule a podiatry appointment to protect foot health, relieve pain, and maintain comfort and mobility throughout pregnancy and beyond.

Pregnant women with swollen feet can be treated with a variety of different methods that are readily available. For more information about other cures for swollen feet during pregnancy, consult with Dr. Eugenio Rivera from Calo Foot & Ankle Specialists. Our doctor will attend to all of your foot and ankle needs.

What Foot Problems Can Arise During Pregnancy?

One problem that can occur is overpronation, which occurs when the arch of the foot flattens and tends to roll inward. This can cause pain and discomfort in your heels while you’re walking or even just standing up, trying to support your baby.

Another problem is edema, or swelling in the extremities. This often affects the feet during pregnancy but tends to occur in the later stages.

How Can I Keep My Feet Healthy During Pregnancy?

Wearing orthotics can provide extra support for the feet and help distribute weight evenly
Minimize the amount of time spent walking barefoot
Wear shoes with good arch support
Wear shoes that allow for good circulation to the feet
Elevate feet if you experience swelling
Massage your feet
Get regular, light exercise, such as walking, to promote blood circulation to the feet

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Bellaire, TX . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Ganglion Cysts of the Foot

Tuesday, 03 February 2026

Ganglion cysts are fluid filled lumps that often form near joints or tendons in the foot or ankle. They develop when joint fluid leaks out and becomes trapped in a small sac, often due to irritation, overuse, injury, or changes in joint mechanics. Some cysts cause no symptoms, while others lead to aching pain, pressure, or nerve irritation, especially when shoes rub against the area. Treatment depends on discomfort and location. Options include monitoring the cyst, modifying footwear, or using padding to reduce pressure. If symptoms persist, a podiatrist may drain the cyst or recommend a minor procedure to remove it and reduce recurrence. A podiatrist can also evaluate foot structure and movement patterns that may contribute to cyst formation, helping improve comfort, mobility, and long-term foot health. If you think you might have a ganglion cyst, it is suggested that you see a podiatrist for a proper diagnosis and treatment.

Foot Pain

Foot pain can be extremely painful and debilitating. If you have a foot pain, consult with Dr. Eugenio Rivera from Calo Foot & Ankle Specialists. Our doctor will assess your condition and provide you with quality foot and ankle treatment.

Causes

Foot pain is a very broad condition that could be caused by one or more ailments. The most common include:

Bunions
Hammertoes
Plantar Fasciitis
Bone Spurs
Corns
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
Ingrown Toenails
Arthritis (such as Gout, Rheumatoid, and Osteoarthritis)
Flat Feet
Injury (from stress fractures, broken toe, foot, ankle, Achilles tendon ruptures, and sprains)
And more

Diagnosis

To figure out the cause of foot pain, podiatrists utilize several different methods. This can range from simple visual inspections and sensation tests to X-rays and MRI scans. Prior medical history, family medical history, and any recent physical traumatic events will all be taken into consideration for a proper diagnosis.

Treatment

Treatment depends upon the cause of the foot pain. Whether it is resting, staying off the foot, or having surgery; podiatrists have a number of treatment options available for foot pain.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Bellaire, TX . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

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